中国老年常见精神障碍患者残疾状况及其相关因素：一项5年随访研究

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Psychiatry

Sec. Aging Psychiatry

Volume 17 - 2026 | doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1907148

Reviewed by

2A

2 Anonymous reviewers

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Psychiatry

Sec. Aging Psychiatry

Abstract

Background: Common mental disorders (CMDs) represent a category of conditions characterized by a high rate of disability and a significant social burden. This study aims to describe disability at baseline and five years later among older adults with 12-month CMDs and to investigate its correlates. Method: Based on the nationally representative China Mental Health Survey (CMHS), a five-year follow-up cohort study was conducted, in which older adults with 12-month common mental disorders (CMDs) at baseline were reassessed. Follow-up assessments were conducted by telephone, and disability was measured using the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Disability prevalence at baseline and five-year follow-up and its correlates were analysed. Result: The baseline analyses included 582 older adults with CMDs, of whom 134 completed the five-year follow-up and were included in the follow-up analyses. The prevalence of disability at baseline and five years later were 57.1% and 19.3%, respectively. Older age (≥70 years vs. 60–64 years: RR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.19), residence in the Western region (vs. Eastern: RR=1.09, 95% CI: 1.02-1.16), physical comorbidity (1-2 diseases: RR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.02-1.18; ≥3 diseases: RR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.22-1.41), comorbidity of multiple CMDs (RR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.14-1.29), and sleep disturbances (RR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.10-1.24) were associated with higher disability scores. Higher educational level (junior high school and above vs. literate or below primary school) was associated with lower long-term disability among participants with

Keywords

Common mental disorders, correlates, Disability, Follow-up study, older adults

Received

12 June 2026

Accepted

22 September 2026

Copyright

© 2026 Liu, Hou, Yin, Huang, Li, Huang, Hu, Chen, Kou, Yan, Ding, Yan, Wen, Jia, Li, Liu and Xu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

*Correspondence: Guangming Xu

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